Interface Lab
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Typography Color Accessibility

Focus Order and Reading Order

Focus Order and Reading Order turns a frequent interface judgment into an executable constraint before generation.

Design Principle

A mismatch between visible layout and assistive navigation order breaks orientation and comprehension.

Principle

A mismatch between visible layout and assistive navigation order breaks orientation and comprehension.

Design action

Keep DOM, visual, and tab order aligned after recomposition; focus enters modals on open and returns to the trigger on close.

Examples

Positive example: Responsive grids, multi-column layouts, drawers, modals, and complex forms may change reading paths. Counterexample: CSS visually reorders content while DOM order remains confusing.

Apply when

Responsive grids, multi-column layouts, drawers, modals, and complex forms may change reading paths. Users need to judge state, scope, risk, or next action quickly.

Source notes

Source note: Synthesized from W3C WCAG 2.2, Apple Accessibility, IBM Carbon Accessibility, and accessibility practices in major design systems. WCAG 2.2: https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/ WCAG Contrast Minimum: https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/contrast-minimum.html WCAG Non-text Contrast: https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/non-text-contrast.html Apple HIG Accessibility: https://developer.apple.com/design/human-interface-guidelines/accessibility Carbon Accessibility Overview: https://carbondesignsystem.com/guidelines/accessibility/overview/

Agent Directive

Keep DOM, visual, and tab order aligned after recomposition; focus enters modals on open and returns to the trigger on close.